On September 25, 2025, President Donald Trump signed an executive order that designated antifa as a “domestic terror organization,” marking a significant escalation in his administration’s ongoing campaign against perceived left-wing movements. This directive not only aimed to target antifa but also hinted at broader intentions to dismantle leftist groups altogether. For those familiar with anti-fascist organizing, such a move was not entirely unexpected; the climate of repression surrounding these movements had been building for years.
However, the reaction from progressives and liberal commentators has raised concerns. Many have adopted a narrative that downplays the existence and significance of antifa, suggesting that it is merely a nebulous concept with no real organizational structure. This perspective is not only misleading but also dangerous, as it risks undermining the very real activists and thinkers who are committed to opposing fascism and protecting marginalized communities.
Critics of the Trump administration often assert that the antifa designation is moot, arguing that it serves as a catchall label for anyone who opposes the president. Yet, this dismissal overlooks the reality that antifa, while lacking a formal hierarchy, represents a movement grounded in activism and ideology. As Luke Baumgartner, a research fellow at George Washington University, noted in a recent interview, “There is no hierarchical organizational structure. It is primarily a movement and an ideology.” This sentiment was echoed by Michael German from the Brennan Center for Justice, who emphasized that antifa does not operate like traditional terrorist organizations, lacking leaders, assets, or infrastructure.
Despite the absence of a centralized command, the anti-fascist movement has been instrumental in countering the far-right over the past decade. The narrative that antifa is a mere figment of imagination ignores the tangible impact these activists have had in organizing against hate groups. For instance, prior to the recent resurgence of far-right movements, many extremist groups were struggling, facing financial ruin and public scrutiny. This decline can be attributed, in part, to the efforts of dedicated anti-fascists who have worked tirelessly to expose and confront these threats.
The diversity within the anti-fascist movement is noteworthy. Groups that identify as antifa can vary widely in structure and approach, from formal organizations to informal collectives. Their activities encompass a broad spectrum, including research publication, cultural events, self-defense training, and counter-protests. Contrary to popular belief, these groups do not receive funding from wealthy liberal benefactors; rather, they rely on grassroots fundraising to support their initiatives.
In light of this context, it is crucial for liberals and progressives to rethink their approach to anti-fascism. Instead of dismissing the movement, they should embrace the values of free speech and the right to assemble, even when those values are invoked by groups advocating for self-defense against oppressive forces. History has shown that movements advocating for community self-defense, such as the Black Panthers and labor unions, have played vital roles in protecting marginalized communities.
As the current administration continues to weaponize the legal system against those it deems “hostile,” the need for a robust defense of anti-fascist principles becomes increasingly urgent. In a political landscape where adversaries may not adhere to the same standards of free speech and civil discourse, fostering a culture of mutual aid and community self-defense is essential.
Ultimately, if we are to cultivate a powerful movement capable of confronting the challenges of our time, we must resist the urge to cede the narrative around antifa to those who seek to demonize it. The health and safety of our communities depend on our willingness to stand in solidarity with those who are committed to fighting against fascism and advocating for justice.
