The Lone Star State has reported its first human case of bird flu, and it appears to be the first in the country linked to direct exposure to dairy cattle. The Texas Department of State Health Services (DSHS) revealed that the individual contracted avian influenza A (H5N1) after coming into contact with dairy cattle believed to be infected with the virus. Fortunately, there have been no reports of person-to-person transmission, and initial testing indicates that the virus has not mutated to increase its ability to spread among humans. As a result, the risk to the general public is considered low.
Last week, the patient was tested by the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) after reporting eye inflammation, which is being treated with the antiviral drug oseltamivir. This marks only the second human case of H5N1 reported in the United States, but it is the first to be connected to cattle. In March, U.S. officials announced that milk from dairy cows in Texas and Kansas had tested positive for bird flu. The Texas Animal Health Commission confirmed that the flu virus is the Type A H5N1 strain, which has been known for decades to cause outbreaks in birds and occasionally infect humans. Older dairy cows in Texas, Kansas, and New Mexico have been affected by the virus, resulting in reduced lactation and appetite.
However, the U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) assures us that the commercial milk supply remains safe. Dairies are required to only allow milk from healthy animals into the food supply, with milk from sick animals being diverted or destroyed. Furthermore, pasteurization kills viruses and other bacteria, and this process is mandatory for milk sold through interstate commerce. In a statement released in March, the USDA emphasized that there is currently no concern about the safety of the commercial milk supply or any risk to consumer health.
While the situation is being closely monitored, the DSHS is providing guidance to affected dairies on how to minimize workers’ exposure to the virus. Additionally, they are advising individuals who work with sick cattle to monitor themselves for flu-like symptoms and get tested if necessary. Symptoms of avian influenza can range from mild, such as eye infections and upper respiratory issues, to severe, including pneumonia and even death.
The discovery of the first human case of bird flu linked to contact with infected cattle in Texas is a concerning development. However, it is important to note that there is currently no evidence of person-to-person transmission, and the risk to the general public remains low. The USDA has assured consumers that the commercial milk supply is safe, thanks to strict regulations and pasteurization processes. The DSHS is actively working with affected dairies to minimize the risk to workers and ensure the health and safety of all involved. As further developments unfold, it is crucial to stay informed and follow the guidelines provided by health officials.
